| Labor Force Estimates (Seasonally Adjusted) | February
2023 | Rank | 2022
Ann. Avg. | Rank | 2017
Ann. Avg. | Rank |
|---|
| Total Labor Force | 3,409,528 | 16 | 3,404,443 | 16 | 3,333,693 | 15 | | Employed | 3,303,405 | 16 | 3,302,632 | 16 | 3,217,049 | 15 | | Unemployed | 106,123 | 17 | 101,811 | 18 | 116,644 | 18 | | Unemployment Rate | 3.1 | 30 | 3.0 | 31 | 3.5 | 38 |
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
Labor Force Characteristics in 2022
Based on Noninstitutional Population, Age 16 and Over | Total
(000) | Rank | Percent
Distribution | Rank | % of Pop.
in Category | Rank |
|---|
| Total Labor Force | 3,415 | 16 | 100.0% | | 63.8% | 23 | Men
Women
| 1,838
1,576
| 16
16
| 53.8%
46.1%
| 13
39
| 70.2%
57.6%
| 16
24
| | Employment | 3,305 | 16 | 100.0% | | 61.7% | 20 | Men
Women
| 1,783
1,522
| 16
16
| 53.9%
46.1%
| 11
40
| 68.1%
55.6%
| 14
26
| | Unemployment | 110 | 17 | 100.0% | | 2.1% | 26 | Men
Women
| 55
55
| 18
16
| 50.0%
50.0%
| 39
10
| 2.1%
2.0%
| 34
22
| | Unemployment Rate | 3.2 | 32 | | Men
Women
| 3.0
3.5
| 35
26
| |
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
Occupational Employment and Wages in 2021
(SOC classification system) | Number | Rank | Percent
Distribution | Rank | Median
Annual Wage | Rank |
|---|
| All Occupations | 2,983,410 | 16 | 100.0% | | 38,330 | 34 | | Management Occupations | 151,080 | 20 | 5.1% | 41 | 94,450 | 35 | | Business and Financial Operations Occupations | 136,830 | 22 | 4.6% | 41 | 62,230 | 38 | | Computer and Mathematical Occupations | 62,830 | 21 | 2.1% | 35 | 76,910 | 38 | | Architecture and Engineering Occupations | 48,360 | 19 | 1.6% | 29 | 76,980 | 42 | | Life, Physical, and Social Science Occupations | 20,350 | 21 | 0.7% | 34 | 61,190 | 38 | | Community and Social Services Occupations | 44,820 | 19 | 1.5% | 28 | 45,890 | 37 | | Legal Occupations | 16,970 | 22 | 0.6% | 35 | 63,020 | 40 | | Education, Training, and Library Occupations | 151,550 | 17 | 5.1% | 41 | 47,770 | 40 | | Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports, and Media Occupations | 30,710 | 20 | 1.0% | 34 | 39,340 | 37 | | Healthcare Practitioners and Technical Occupations | 191,460 | 15 | 6.4% | 27 | 61,530 | 38 | | Healthcare Support Occupations | 111,080 | 19 | 3.7% | 35 | 29,620 | 28 | | Protective Service Occupations | 57,840 | 18 | 1.9% | 37 | 45,300 | 31 | | Food Preparation and Serving Related Occupations | 252,520 | 13 | 8.5% | 17 | 23,610 | 36 | | Building and Grounds Cleaning and Maintenance Occupations | 81,330 | 16 | 2.7% | 43 | 29,270 | 34 | | Personal Care and Service Occupations | 47,820 | 20 | 1.6% | 36 | 25,030 | 36 | | Sales and Related Occupations | 269,950 | 16 | 9.0% | 32 | 29,570 | 31 | | Office and Administrative Support Occupations | 354,090 | 18 | 11.9% | 44 | 37,370 | 29 | | Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Occupations | 3,760 | 27 | 0.1% | 36 | 31,760 | 28 | | Construction and Extraction Occupations | 125,390 | 16 | 4.2% | 28 | 48,650 | 20 | | Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations | 135,150 | 12 | 4.5% | 12 | 47,550 | 28 | | Production Occupations | 355,540 | 6 | 11.9% | 1 | 37,970 | 21 | | Transportation and Material Moving Occupations | 333,990 | 13 | 11.2% | 3 | 36,980 | 25 |
May '2021' Estimates
N/A = Not available
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| Unions | Number | Rank | % of
All Workers | Rank |
|---|
| Members of Unions | | 2022 | 223,000 | 17 | 7.4% | 29 | | 2021 | 256,000 | 15 | 9.0% | 25 | | 2020 | 235,000 | 17 | 8.3% | 29 | | 2019 | 249,000 | 16 | 8.3% | 30 | | 2018 | 269,000 | 15 | 8.8% | 29 | | 2017 | 266,000 | 15 | 8.9% | 27 | | 2016 | 304,000 | 14 | 10.4% | 24 | | 2015 | 283,000 | 14 | 10.0% | 25 | | 2014 | 299,000 | 15 | 10.7% | 24 | | 2013 | 249,000 | 15 | 9.3% | 28 | | 2012 | 246,000 | 15 | 9.1% | 28 | | 2011 | 302,000 | 15 | 11.3% | 22 | | 2010 | 279,000 | 15 | 10.9% | 25 | | % Chg. 2010 to 2022 | -20.1% | 43 | | | Represented by Unions | | 2022 | 260,000 | 16 | 8.6% | 31 | | 2021 | 290,000 | 15 | 10.2% | 24 | | 2020 | 270,000 | 17 | 9.5% | 28 | | 2019 | 296,000 | 15 | 9.8% | 27 | | 2018 | 283,000 | 15 | 9.3% | 30 | | 2017 | 289,000 | 15 | 9.7% | 29 | | 2016 | 335,000 | 14 | 11.4% | 24 | | 2015 | 319,000 | 14 | 11.3% | 26 | | 2014 | 335,000 | 14 | 12.0% | 25 | | 2013 | 275,000 | 15 | 10.3% | 30 | | 2012 | 269,000 | 15 | 10.0% | 30 | | 2011 | 333,000 | 15 | 12.4% | 26 | | 2010 | 313,000 | 15 | 12.2% | 25 | | % Chg. 2010 to 2022 | -16.9% | 44 | |
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
CES Not Seasonally Adjusted Employment in February 2023
NAICS based data by place of work | Employment | Percent
Distribution | Rank | % Change
February 2022 | Rank |
|---|
| 00 | Total Nonfarm | 3,206,400 | 100.0% | | 2.5% | 22 | | 05 | Total Private | 2,788,300 | 87.0% | 5 | 2.6% | 22 | | 06 | Goods Producing | 701,500 | 21.9% | 1 | 2.2% | 30 | | 07 | Service-Providing | 2,504,900 | 78.1% | 51 | 2.6% | 22 | | 08 | Private Service Providing | 2,086,800 | 65.1% | 42 | 2.8% | 20 | | 10 | Natural Resources and Mining | 5,700 | 0.2% | 23 | 7.5% | 15 | | 15 | Natural Resources, Mining, & Construction | 162,500 | 5.1% | 25 | 9.1% | 4 | | 20 | Construction | 156,800 | 4.9% | 20 | 9.1% | 4 | | 30 | Manufacturing | 539,000 | 16.8% | 1 | 0.2% | 43 | | 40 | Trade, Transportation, and Utilities | 630,400 | 19.7% | 15 | 1.5% | 16 | | 50 | Information | 25,500 | 0.8% | 50 | -3.8% | 51 | | 55 | Financial Activities | 148,800 | 4.6% | 42 | 2.4% | 13 | | 60 | Professional and Business Services | 365,100 | 11.4% | 38 | 1.8% | 30 | | 65 | Educational and Health Services | 485,300 | 15.1% | 30 | 3.6% | 21 | | 70 | Leisure and Hospitality | 302,900 | 9.4% | 31 | 5.1% | 25 | | 80 | Other Services | 128,800 | 4.0% | 13 | 5.4% | 8 | | 90 | Government | 418,100 | 13.0% | 46 | 1.6% | 31 |
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Current Employment Survey (CES) |
| Annual Covered Employment and Wages over Time (NAICS) | Establishments | Jobs | Average Wage
per Job (*adj) | Rank | % of U.S.
Avg Wage |
|---|
| 2021 | 178,700 | 3,010,658 | $54,968 | 34 | 81.3% | | 2020 | 172,647 | 2,918,792 | $54,398 | 37 | 81.2% | | 2019 | 168,916 | 3,077,767 | $51,716 | 37 | 82.4% | | 2018 | 167,627 | 3,051,879 | $51,354 | 36 | 83.1% | | 2017 | 164,727 | 3,018,177 | $51,063 | 35 | 83.4% | | 2016 | 162,216 | 2,987,091 | $50,342 | 38 | 83.2% | | 2015 | 159,303 | 2,941,991 | $50,192 | 39 | 82.9% | | 2014 | 158,333 | 2,890,758 | $48,707 | 39 | 82.8% | | 2013 | 159,320 | 2,849,311 | $48,458 | 38 | 83.6% | | 2012 | 160,058 | 2,812,347 | $48,672 | 37 | 83.7% | | 2011 | 159,691 | 2,755,826 | $48,484 | 37 | 83.8% | | 10-Year Change | 19,009 | 254,832 | $6,484 | | | | 10-Year Percent Change | 11.9% | 9.2% | 13.4% | | |
*Adj = Adjusted for Inflation; D = Non-Disclosable Data; N/A = Not Available
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics | Annual Industry Distribution of Jobs and Avg. Wage in 2021 | Establishments | Jobs | Percent
Distribution | Annual Average Wage
per Job | Rank |
|---|
| Total Covered Employment and Wages | 178,700 | 3,010,658 | 2,420,143.1% | $54,968 | 34 | | Private | 173,054 | 2,631,157 | 2,115,077.9% | $55,423 | 34 | | Agri., forestry, hunting | 2,029 | 15,728 | 12,642.8% | $44,080 | 17 | | Mining | 304 | 4,706 | 3,783.3% | $76,965 | 28 | | Construction | 15,916 | 149,586 | 120,246.1% | $65,276 | 30 | | Manufacturing | 9,294 | 524,614 | 421,715.5% | $68,886 | 24 | | Wholesale trade | 13,689 | 122,013 | 98,081.0% | $77,359 | 35 | | Retail trade | 20,800 | 314,003 | 252,413.6% | $34,182 | 37 | | Transportation, warehousing | 7,317 | 171,310 | 137,709.2% | $52,935 | 33 | | Utilities | 580 | 15,562 | 12,509.9% | $99,940 | 32 | | Information | 3,061 | 31,878 | 25,625.6% | $64,281 | 46 | | Finance and Insurance | 11,086 | 100,552 | 80,829.7% | $84,196 | 40 | | Real Estate, rental, leasing | 7,236 | 35,395 | 28,452.7% | $55,225 | 30 | | Professional, technical services | 21,945 | 131,754 | 105,911.9% | $79,695 | 38 | | Mgmt. of companies, enterprises | 1,247 | 33,970 | 27,307.3% | $114,401 | 32 | | Administrative, waste services | 10,877 | 182,777 | 146,927.1% | $40,916 | 45 | | Educational services | 3,515 | 237,652 | 191,038.2% | $48,062 | 42 | | Health care, social assistance | 15,434 | 438,440 | 352,444.0% | $57,489 | 28 | | Arts, entertainment, recreation | 2,365 | 37,333 | 30,010.3% | $37,918 | 24 | | Accommodation and food services | 13,775 | 247,950 | 199,316.8% | $20,150 | 45 | | Other services, exc. public admin. | 13,310 | 84,447 | 67,883.7% | $38,637 | 46 | | Public administration | 2,835 | 128,848 | 103,575.3% | $54,376 | 43 |
D = Non-Disclosable Data; N/A = Not Available
Note: Industries are NAICS-based.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
BEA Major Sectors
in 2021 (by place of work) | 2021 Earnings ($000) | Avg Earnings
per Job | Rank | 2021 Jobs | Percent
Distribution
in State | Percent
Distribution
in U.S. |
|---|
| | Total by place of work | $256,403,842 | $66,711 | 23 | 3,843,507 | 100.0% | 100.0% | | | Wage and Salary | $176,914,373 | $57,361 | 33 | 3,084,225 | 80.2% | 75.4% | | | Proprietors | $39,364,038 | $51,844 | 5 | 759,282 | 19.8% | 24.6% | | | Farm | $3,348,604 | $68,959 | 8 | 48,559 | 1.3% | 0.9% | | | Nonfarm | $36,015,434 | $50,674 | 6 | 710,723 | 18.5% | 23.7% | | | Farm | $3,730,888 | $61,391 | 7 | 60,773 | 1.6% | 1.3% | | | Nonfarm | $252,672,954 | $66,796 | 23 | 3,782,734 | 98.4% | 98.7% | | | Private | $223,560,812 | $66,823 | 19 | 3,345,591 | 87.0% | 86.3% | | | Forestry, fishing, etc. | $527,170 | D | N/A | D | D | 0.5% | | 21 | Mining | $466,861 | D | N/A | D | D | 0.5% | | 22 | Utilities | $2,144,150 | $149,408 | 35 | 14,351 | 0.4% | 0.3% | | 23 | Construction | $16,408,383 | $75,502 | 24 | 217,325 | 5.7% | 5.8% | | 31-33 | Manufacturing | $47,422,258 | $91,285 | 18 | 519,497 | 13.5% | 6.6% | | 42 | Wholesale Trade | $12,372,868 | $96,807 | 29 | 127,810 | 3.3% | 3.2% | | 44-45 | Retail Trade | $14,477,816 | $38,612 | 40 | 374,960 | 9.8% | 9.4% | | 48-49 | Trans. and warehousing | $12,219,065 | $57,452 | 25 | 212,684 | 5.5% | 5.0% | | 51 | Information | $2,725,718 | $79,261 | 41 | 34,389 | 0.9% | 1.7% | | 52 | Finance and insurance | $11,496,911 | $70,592 | 34 | 162,865 | 4.2% | 5.8% | | 53 | Real Estate and rental and leasing | $17,703,669 | $114,757 | 1 | 154,271 | 4.0% | 5.0% | | 54 | Professional, technical services | $15,879,408 | $84,103 | 28 | 188,810 | 4.9% | 7.4% | | 55 | Management of companies, enterprises | $4,663,932 | $121,628 | 30 | 38,346 | 1.0% | 1.4% | | 56 | Administrative and waste services | $10,509,829 | $47,534 | 30 | 221,101 | 5.8% | 6.1% | | 61 | Educational services | $3,476,664 | $43,247 | 28 | 80,390 | 2.1% | 2.3% | | 62 | Health care, social assistance | $32,577,812 | $72,686 | 13 | 448,197 | 11.7% | 11.5% | | 71 | Arts, entertainment, and recreation | $2,014,734 | $31,498 | 25 | 63,964 | 1.7% | 2.0% | | 72 | Accommodation and food services | $7,303,191 | $29,363 | 47 | 248,724 | 6.5% | 6.3% | | 81 | Other services, exc. public admin. | $9,170,373 | $41,991 | 28 | 218,389 | 5.7% | 5.6% | | NA | Gov. and gov. enterprises | $29,112,142 | $66,596 | 48 | 437,143 | 11.4% | 12.4% |
D = Not shown to avoid disclosure of confidential information, but the estimates for this item are included in the totals.
N/A = Not available or not applicable
Note: Major sectors are NAICS-based.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) |