| Labor Force Estimates (Seasonally Adjusted) | May
2025 | Rank | 2024
Ann. Avg. | Rank | 2019
Ann. Avg. | Rank |
|---|
| Total Labor Force | 3,485,635 | 16 | 3,455,992 | 16 | 3,392,605 | 16 | | Employed | 3,357,028 | 16 | 3,310,992 | 16 | 3,279,990 | 15 | | Unemployed | 128,607 | 17 | 145,000 | 14 | 112,615 | 17 | | Unemployment Rate | 3.7 | 28 | 4.2 | 15 | 3.3 | 29 |
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
Labor Force Characteristics in 2024
Based on Noninstitutional Population, Age 16 and Over | Total
(000) | Rank | Percent
Distribution | Rank | % of Pop.
in Category | Rank |
|---|
| Total Labor Force | 3,418 | 16 | 100.0% | | 63.1% | 28 | Men
Women
| 1,812
1,605
| 16
16
| 53.0%
47.0%
| 17
33
| 68.2%
58.1%
| 25
26
| | Employment | 3,270 | 17 | 100.0% | | 60.4% | 27 | Men
Women
| 1,731
1,539
| 17
17
| 52.9%
47.1%
| 18
32
| 65.2%
55.7%
| 26
28
| | Unemployment | 148 | 14 | 100.0% | | 2.7% | 12 | Men
Women
| 81
67
| 14
14
| 54.7%
45.3%
| 26
25
| 3.1%
2.4%
| 10
15
| | Unemployment Rate | 4.3 | 13 | | Men
Women
| 4.5
4.2
| 9
12
| |
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
Occupational Employment and Wages in 2024
(SOC classification system) | Number | Rank | Percent
Distribution | Rank | Median
Annual Wage | Rank |
|---|
| All Occupations | 3,186,690 | 17 | 100.0% | | 46,930 | 34 | | Management Occupations | 164,370 | 20 | 5.2% | 46 | 104,370 | 31 | | Business and Financial Operations Occupations | 153,680 | 21 | 4.8% | 43 | 73,590 | 39 | | Computer and Mathematical Occupations | 68,390 | 22 | 2.1% | 39 | 81,290 | 41 | | Architecture and Engineering Occupations | 52,050 | 17 | 1.6% | 25 | 85,390 | 36 | | Life, Physical, and Social Science Occupations | 23,880 | 19 | 0.7% | 35 | 68,390 | 35 | | Community and Social Services Occupations | 50,410 | 17 | 1.6% | 24 | 50,380 | 41 | | Legal Occupations | 17,000 | 21 | 0.5% | 43 | 84,440 | 21 | | Education, Training, and Library Occupations | 159,800 | 19 | 5.0% | 45 | 50,050 | 40 | | Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports, and Media Occupations | 35,560 | 18 | 1.1% | 29 | 47,830 | 36 | | Healthcare Practitioners and Technical Occupations | 205,210 | 15 | 6.4% | 27 | 78,330 | 36 | | Healthcare Support Occupations | 132,350 | 19 | 4.2% | 22 | 36,400 | 35 | | Protective Service Occupations | 63,970 | 18 | 2.0% | 36 | 49,800 | 33 | | Food Preparation and Serving Related Occupations | 281,260 | 17 | 8.8% | 22 | 29,120 | 38 | | Building and Grounds Cleaning and Maintenance Occupations | 89,660 | 16 | 2.8% | 34 | 35,800 | 29 | | Personal Care and Service Occupations | 54,200 | 22 | 1.7% | 42 | 30,080 | 35 | | Sales and Related Occupations | 278,930 | 16 | 8.8% | 15 | 35,450 | 35 | | Office and Administrative Support Occupations | 356,930 | 18 | 11.2% | 40 | 44,550 | 27 | | Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Occupations | 3,250 | 28 | 0.1% | 29 | 44,670 | 13 | | Construction and Extraction Occupations | 139,940 | 14 | 4.4% | 23 | 60,720 | 17 | | Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations | 139,160 | 15 | 4.4% | 13 | 58,290 | 25 | | Production Occupations | 359,340 | 7 | 11.3% | 1 | 46,210 | 29 | | Transportation and Material Moving Occupations | 357,370 | 13 | 11.2% | 3 | 43,190 | 25 |
May '2024' Estimates
N/A = Not available
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| Unions | Number | Rank | % of
All Workers | Rank |
|---|
| Members of Unions | | 2024 | 271,000 | 15 | 9.0% | 23 | | 2023 | 245,000 | 17 | 8.0% | 28 | | 2022 | 223,000 | 17 | 7.4% | 29 | | 2021 | 256,000 | 15 | 9.0% | 25 | | 2020 | 235,000 | 17 | 8.3% | 29 | | 2019 | 249,000 | 16 | 8.3% | 30 | | 2018 | 269,000 | 15 | 8.8% | 29 | | 2017 | 266,000 | 15 | 8.9% | 27 | | 2016 | 304,000 | 14 | 10.4% | 24 | | 2015 | 283,000 | 14 | 10.0% | 25 | | 2014 | 299,000 | 15 | 10.7% | 24 | | 2013 | 249,000 | 15 | 9.3% | 28 | | 2012 | 246,000 | 15 | 9.1% | 28 | | 2011 | 302,000 | 15 | 11.3% | 22 | | 2010 | 279,000 | 15 | 10.9% | 25 | | % Chg. 2010 to 2024 | -2.9% | 30 | | | Represented by Unions | | 2024 | 313,000 | 15 | 10.4% | 24 | | 2023 | 278,000 | 15 | 9.1% | 30 | | 2022 | 260,000 | 16 | 8.6% | 31 | | 2021 | 290,000 | 15 | 10.2% | 24 | | 2020 | 270,000 | 17 | 9.5% | 28 | | 2019 | 296,000 | 15 | 9.8% | 27 | | 2018 | 283,000 | 15 | 9.3% | 30 | | 2017 | 289,000 | 15 | 9.7% | 29 | | 2016 | 335,000 | 14 | 11.4% | 24 | | 2015 | 319,000 | 14 | 11.3% | 26 | | 2014 | 335,000 | 14 | 12.0% | 25 | | 2013 | 275,000 | 15 | 10.3% | 30 | | 2012 | 269,000 | 15 | 10.0% | 30 | | 2011 | 333,000 | 15 | 12.4% | 26 | | 2010 | 313,000 | 15 | 12.2% | 25 | | % Chg. 2010 to 2024 | 0.0% | 25 | |
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
CES Not Seasonally Adjusted Employment in May 2025
NAICS based data by place of work | Employment | Percent
Distribution | Rank | % Change
May 2024 | Rank |
|---|
| 00 | Total Nonfarm | 3,301,100 | 100.0% | | 0.5% | 37 | | 05 | Total Private | 2,857,800 | 86.6% | 7 | 0.7% | 28 | | 06 | Goods Producing | 699,200 | 21.2% | 1 | -0.1% | 26 | | 07 | Service-Providing | 2,601,900 | 78.8% | 51 | 0.6% | 38 | | 08 | Private Service Providing | 2,158,600 | 65.4% | 42 | 0.9% | 25 | | 10 | Natural Resources and Mining | 5,400 | 0.2% | 25 | -1.8% | 33 | | 15 | Natural Resources, Mining, & Construction | 174,900 | 5.3% | 28 | -0.1% | 33 | | 20 | Construction | 169,500 | 5.1% | 24 | -0.1% | 31 | | 30 | Manufacturing | 524,300 | 15.9% | 1 | -0.1% | 19 | | 40 | Trade, Transportation, and Utilities | 637,200 | 19.3% | 14 | 0.4% | 22 | | 50 | Information | 26,400 | 0.8% | 48 | -0.8% | 26 | | 55 | Financial Activities | 146,400 | 4.4% | 41 | -1.4% | 48 | | 60 | Professional and Business Services | 362,600 | 11.0% | 40 | 1.1% | 14 | | 65 | Educational and Health Services | 520,100 | 15.8% | 29 | 2.0% | 35 | | 70 | Leisure and Hospitality | 324,900 | 9.8% | 38 | 0.5% | 31 | | 80 | Other Services | 141,000 | 4.3% | 10 | 2.3% | 13 | | 90 | Government | 443,300 | 13.4% | 44 | -0.6% | 48 |
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Current Employment Survey (CES) |
| Annual Covered Employment and Wages over Time (NAICS) | Establishments | Jobs | Average Wage
per Job (*adj) | Rank | % of U.S.
Avg Wage |
|---|
| 2024 | 192,804 | 3,178,225 | $62,735 | 36 | 83.0% | | 2023 | 189,259 | 3,157,809 | $61,426 | 36 | 82.5% | | 2022 | 186,186 | 3,113,419 | $62,224 | 35 | 82.9% | | 2021 | 178,700 | 3,010,658 | $63,634 | 34 | 81.3% | | 2020 | 172,647 | 2,918,792 | $62,974 | 37 | 81.2% | | 2019 | 168,916 | 3,077,767 | $59,869 | 37 | 82.4% | | 2018 | 167,627 | 3,051,879 | $59,451 | 36 | 83.1% | | 2017 | 164,727 | 3,018,177 | $59,114 | 35 | 83.4% | | 2016 | 162,216 | 2,987,091 | $58,279 | 38 | 83.2% | | 2015 | 159,303 | 2,941,991 | $58,105 | 39 | 82.9% | | 2014 | 158,333 | 2,890,758 | $56,385 | 39 | 82.8% | | 10-Year Change | 34,471 | 287,467 | $6,350 | | | | 10-Year Percent Change | 21.8% | 9.9% | 11.3% | | |
*Adj = Adjusted for Inflation; D = Non-Disclosable Data; N/A = Not Available
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics | Annual Industry Distribution of Jobs and Avg. Wage in 2024 | Establishments | Jobs | Percent
Distribution | Annual Average Wage
per Job | Rank |
|---|
| Total Covered Employment and Wages | 192,804 | 3,178,225 | 100.0% | $62,735 | 36 | | Private | 187,662 | 2,779,132 | 87.4% | $63,322 | 34 | | Agri., forestry, hunting | 2,164 | 16,632 | 0.5% | $51,752 | 13 | | Mining | 300 | 5,190 | 0.2% | $87,105 | 36 | | Construction | 16,986 | 169,499 | 5.3% | $77,797 | 29 | | Manufacturing | 9,462 | 523,097 | 16.5% | $79,291 | 20 | | Wholesale trade | 14,938 | 134,521 | 4.2% | $87,655 | 38 | | Retail trade | 21,178 | 314,686 | 9.9% | $37,509 | 39 | | Transportation, warehousing | 7,871 | 185,159 | 5.8% | $59,266 | 41 | | Utilities | 654 | 15,277 | 0.5% | $112,993 | 29 | | Information | 3,547 | 32,690 | 1.0% | $72,101 | 47 | | Finance and Insurance | 11,655 | 104,288 | 3.3% | $93,298 | 40 | | Real Estate, rental, leasing | 8,199 | 37,554 | 1.2% | $61,318 | 32 | | Professional, technical services | 27,023 | 150,025 | 4.7% | $97,863 | 37 | | Mgmt. of companies, enterprises | 1,402 | 35,521 | 1.1% | $120,077 | 37 | | Administrative, waste services | 12,184 | 172,691 | 5.4% | $47,406 | 45 | | Educational services | 3,898 | 252,182 | 7.9% | $53,582 | 40 | | Health care, social assistance | 17,677 | 483,721 | 15.2% | $64,068 | 32 | | Arts, entertainment, recreation | 2,622 | 43,188 | 1.4% | $44,548 | 17 | | Accommodation and food services | 14,598 | 272,426 | 8.6% | $23,451 | 42 | | Other services, exc. public admin. | 14,154 | 95,001 | 3.0% | $45,059 | 46 | | Public administration | 2,292 | 134,876 | 4.2% | $62,973 | 43 |
D = Non-Disclosable Data; N/A = Not Available
Note: Industries are NAICS-based.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
BEA Major Sectors
in 2024 (by place of work) | 2024 Earnings ($000) | Avg Earnings
per Job | Rank | 2024 Jobs | Percent
Distribution
in State | Percent
Distribution
in U.S. |
|---|
| | Total by place of work | $304,123,258 | $73,448 | 25 | 4,140,665 | 100.0% | 100.0% | | | Wage and Salary | $213,546,205 | $65,068 | 36 | 3,281,893 | 79.3% | 74.4% | | | Proprietors | $44,278,830 | $51,561 | 8 | 858,772 | 20.7% | 25.6% | | | Farm | $1,105,227 | $23,231 | 18 | 47,575 | 1.1% | 0.8% | | | Nonfarm | $43,173,603 | $53,222 | 7 | 811,197 | 19.6% | 24.8% | | | Farm | $1,788,652 | $31,201 | 17 | 57,327 | 1.4% | 1.2% | | | Nonfarm | $302,334,606 | $74,041 | 25 | 4,083,338 | 98.6% | 98.8% | | | Private | $268,727,206 | $73,571 | 20 | 3,652,621 | 88.2% | 87.4% | | | Forestry, fishing, etc. | $528,868 | D | N/A | D | D | 0.5% | | 21 | Mining | $666,116 | D | N/A | D | D | 0.5% | | 22 | Utilities | $2,115,435 | $155,604 | 35 | 13,595 | 0.3% | 0.3% | | 23 | Construction | $20,814,613 | $90,430 | 18 | 230,173 | 5.6% | 5.6% | | 31-33 | Manufacturing | $54,469,795 | $97,641 | 24 | 557,860 | 13.5% | 6.4% | | 42 | Wholesale Trade | $16,044,236 | $113,464 | 24 | 141,404 | 3.4% | 3.2% | | 44-45 | Retail Trade | $16,681,436 | $42,440 | 33 | 393,058 | 9.5% | 9.2% | | 48-49 | Trans. and warehousing | $14,692,111 | $57,716 | 27 | 254,558 | 6.1% | 5.4% | | 51 | Information | $3,229,206 | $80,991 | 41 | 39,871 | 1.0% | 1.8% | | 52 | Finance and insurance | $13,199,105 | $72,382 | 30 | 182,354 | 4.4% | 6.1% | | 53 | Real Estate and rental and leasing | $20,401,051 | $111,961 | 2 | 182,215 | 4.4% | 5.6% | | 54 | Professional, technical services | $21,997,963 | $103,065 | 23 | 213,438 | 5.2% | 7.5% | | 55 | Management of companies, enterprises | $5,534,682 | $134,618 | 34 | 41,114 | 1.0% | 1.4% | | 56 | Administrative and waste services | $11,855,895 | $48,126 | 43 | 246,351 | 5.9% | 6.1% | | 61 | Educational services | $4,317,470 | $48,925 | 25 | 88,246 | 2.1% | 2.3% | | 62 | Health care, social assistance | $39,224,243 | $85,304 | 13 | 459,819 | 11.1% | 11.1% | | 71 | Arts, entertainment, and recreation | $2,864,735 | $40,630 | 29 | 70,508 | 1.7% | 2.1% | | 72 | Accommodation and food services | $9,065,363 | $31,805 | 44 | 285,029 | 6.9% | 6.9% | | 81 | Other services, exc. public admin. | $11,024,883 | $47,385 | 35 | 232,668 | 5.6% | 5.5% | | NA | Gov. and gov. enterprises | $33,607,400 | $78,027 | 46 | 430,717 | 10.4% | 11.4% |
D = Not shown to avoid disclosure of confidential information, but the estimates for this item are included in the totals.
N/A = Not available or not applicable
Note: Major sectors are NAICS-based.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) |